Which factor can increase the risk of crowd violence?

The absence of crowd supervision is a significant factor that can increase the risk of crowd violence. When there is a lack of supervision, attendees may feel less inhibited and more likely to engage in disruptive or aggressive behaviors due to the absence of authority figures. Supervision serves as a deterrent to potential violence, as individuals are often more aware of their actions when they are being observed. Without proper management and oversight, conflicts can escalate quickly, and individuals may feel emboldened to act out in ways that could threaten the safety of the entire crowd. This context highlights the importance of adequate crowd management and supervision to mitigate the risks associated with large gatherings.